Post by carruthersjam on Feb 14, 2009 11:22:41 GMT -8
Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy Following Resistance Training Is Accompanied by a
Fiber Type-Specific Increase in Satellite Cell Content in Elderly Men.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2009 Feb 9. [Epub ahead of print]Links
Verdijk LB, Gleeson BG, Jonkers RA, Meijer K, Savelberg HH, Dendale P, van Loon
LJ.
We determined muscle fiber type-specific hypertrophy and changes in satellite
cell (SC) content following a 12-week resistance training program in 13 healthy,
elderly men (72 +/- 2 years). Leg strength and body composition (dual-energy
X-ray absorptiometry and computed tomography) were assessed, and muscle biopsy
samples were collected. Leg strength increased 25%-30% after training (p <
.001). Leg lean mass and quadriceps cross-sectional area increased 6%-9% (p <
.001). At baseline, mean fiber area and SC content were smaller in the Type II
versus Type I muscle fibers (p < .01). Following training, Type II muscle fiber
area increased from 5,438 +/- 319 to 6,982 +/- 503 mum(2) (p < .01). Type II
muscle fiber SC content increased from 0.048 +/- 0.003 to 0.084 +/- 0.008 SCs
per fiber (p < .001). No changes were observed in the Type I muscle fibers. In
older adults, skeletal muscle tissue is still capable of inducing SC
proliferation and differentiation, resulting in Type II muscle fiber
hypertrophy.
====================
Training in the aging athlete.
Curr Sports Med Rep. 2007 Jun;6(3):200-6. Links
Foster C, Wright G, Battista RA, Porcari JP.
The number of healthy older individuals who are active in sports has increased
significantly during the past generation. These individuals continue to perform
at a high level, although there appears to be a loss in functional capacity that
cannot be overcome by training. No accepted theory of aging exists, but older
athletes may be limited primarily by the inability to maintain the same volume
and intensity of training. Also, older athletes appear to respond more slowly to
the same training load than do younger athletes. The principles of training in
older athletes are similar to those in young athletes; however, additional days
of recovery and cross training may be necessary to prevent orthopedic injuries.
Strategies for maintaining exercise intensity, including resistance training,
are advisable to prevent sarcopenia and selective loss of type II muscle fibers.
========================
Effects of Power Training on Muscle Thickness of Older Men.
Int J Sports Med. 2009 Feb 6. [Epub ahead of print] Links
Nogueira W, Gentil P, Mello SN, Oliveira RJ, Bezerra AJ, Bottaro M.
The present study aimed at comparing the effects of traditional resistance
training (TRT) and power training (PT) in inducing muscle hypertrophy in older
men. Twenty older men (aged between 69 and 76 years) were divided in two groups:
TRT training (n=9) and PT training (n=11). The volunteers trained twice a week,
during 10 weeks. Both groups performed an equal work output and the same
exercises with loads between 40% and 60% of 1 RM. Three sets of eight
repetitions of each exercise were performed with rest intervals of 90 s between
sets. Muscle thickness was measured by ultrasound at the biceps brachii (BIC)
and rectus femoris (RF), using a 12 MHz high resolution scanning probe. An
ANCOVA was used to compare post training muscle thickness values between TRT and
PT, using baseline values as covariates. According to the results, RF muscle
thickness increased only in PT, while BIC muscle thickness increased in both
groups, but with larger increases in PT.
In conclusion, ten weeks of PT induced muscle hypertrophy of the upper and lower
limb muscles in older men. PT training may yield better results in muscle
hypertrophy when compared with TRT.
Fiber Type-Specific Increase in Satellite Cell Content in Elderly Men.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2009 Feb 9. [Epub ahead of print]Links
Verdijk LB, Gleeson BG, Jonkers RA, Meijer K, Savelberg HH, Dendale P, van Loon
LJ.
We determined muscle fiber type-specific hypertrophy and changes in satellite
cell (SC) content following a 12-week resistance training program in 13 healthy,
elderly men (72 +/- 2 years). Leg strength and body composition (dual-energy
X-ray absorptiometry and computed tomography) were assessed, and muscle biopsy
samples were collected. Leg strength increased 25%-30% after training (p <
.001). Leg lean mass and quadriceps cross-sectional area increased 6%-9% (p <
.001). At baseline, mean fiber area and SC content were smaller in the Type II
versus Type I muscle fibers (p < .01). Following training, Type II muscle fiber
area increased from 5,438 +/- 319 to 6,982 +/- 503 mum(2) (p < .01). Type II
muscle fiber SC content increased from 0.048 +/- 0.003 to 0.084 +/- 0.008 SCs
per fiber (p < .001). No changes were observed in the Type I muscle fibers. In
older adults, skeletal muscle tissue is still capable of inducing SC
proliferation and differentiation, resulting in Type II muscle fiber
hypertrophy.
====================
Training in the aging athlete.
Curr Sports Med Rep. 2007 Jun;6(3):200-6. Links
Foster C, Wright G, Battista RA, Porcari JP.
The number of healthy older individuals who are active in sports has increased
significantly during the past generation. These individuals continue to perform
at a high level, although there appears to be a loss in functional capacity that
cannot be overcome by training. No accepted theory of aging exists, but older
athletes may be limited primarily by the inability to maintain the same volume
and intensity of training. Also, older athletes appear to respond more slowly to
the same training load than do younger athletes. The principles of training in
older athletes are similar to those in young athletes; however, additional days
of recovery and cross training may be necessary to prevent orthopedic injuries.
Strategies for maintaining exercise intensity, including resistance training,
are advisable to prevent sarcopenia and selective loss of type II muscle fibers.
========================
Effects of Power Training on Muscle Thickness of Older Men.
Int J Sports Med. 2009 Feb 6. [Epub ahead of print] Links
Nogueira W, Gentil P, Mello SN, Oliveira RJ, Bezerra AJ, Bottaro M.
The present study aimed at comparing the effects of traditional resistance
training (TRT) and power training (PT) in inducing muscle hypertrophy in older
men. Twenty older men (aged between 69 and 76 years) were divided in two groups:
TRT training (n=9) and PT training (n=11). The volunteers trained twice a week,
during 10 weeks. Both groups performed an equal work output and the same
exercises with loads between 40% and 60% of 1 RM. Three sets of eight
repetitions of each exercise were performed with rest intervals of 90 s between
sets. Muscle thickness was measured by ultrasound at the biceps brachii (BIC)
and rectus femoris (RF), using a 12 MHz high resolution scanning probe. An
ANCOVA was used to compare post training muscle thickness values between TRT and
PT, using baseline values as covariates. According to the results, RF muscle
thickness increased only in PT, while BIC muscle thickness increased in both
groups, but with larger increases in PT.
In conclusion, ten weeks of PT induced muscle hypertrophy of the upper and lower
limb muscles in older men. PT training may yield better results in muscle
hypertrophy when compared with TRT.